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KERALA STATE REMOTE SENSING & ENVIRONMENT CENTRE
Department of Planning & Economic Affairs, Govt. of Kerala

SILAAS

The Satellite Integrated Landslide Assessment and Alert System (SILAAS) is a state-of-the-art initiative developed by the National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) under the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). Designed as a comprehensive platform for landslide monitoring, inventory creation, and early warning, SILAAS integrates high-resolution satellite imagery, real-time rainfall data, digital elevation models (DEMs), and terrain analytics to provide critical insights into landslide-prone regions across the Indian subcontinent. With India’s unique geomorphology and monsoon patterns, regions such as the Himalayas and the Western Ghats are particularly vulnerable to frequent and devastating landslides. Recognizing the growing threat posed by climate change and extreme weather events, ISRO has been actively supporting landslide disaster management since 2005 through its Disaster Management Support (DMS) programme. Building on this legacy, SILAAS incorporates the latest geospatial technologies and artificial intelligence-based models to improve forecasting accuracy and disaster preparedness. The Landslide Atlas of India, released in 2023, marked a significant milestone by mapping over 80,000 landslide events across 17 states and 2 union territories, establishing one of the most comprehensive national landslide inventories. SILAAS further advances this effort by focusing on dynamic monitoring and real-time alert dissemination. Its core objectives include the development of a regional landslide early warning system, the creation of detailed state-wise landslide susceptibility maps, the formulation of rainfall threshold models, and the monitoring of active slope movements using Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Interferometry. Additionally, a web-based alert dissemination platform has been designed to integrate terrain characteristics, rainfall triggers, and movement translation models to issue timely alerts to relevant authorities and the public. In 2023, a total of 24,588 landslides were mapped using Resourcesat-2 and 2A (LISS-IV) data, with field validation enabled through the FLIM mobile application. The landslide inventory now contains nearly 1,00,000 polygons spanning from 1998 to 2024. As part of its pilot implementation, three high-risk districts—Idukki in Kerala, Darjeeling in West Bengal, and Rudraprayag in Uttarakhand—were selected for real-time alerts and early warning systems under Phase I (2023–2025). Future expansion plans aim to cover all hilly and landslide-prone regions of India by 2026, with seamless integration of real-time satellite data and meteorological inputs for dynamic alert generation. SILAAS also supports local and state-level disaster management authorities by providing actionable geospatial intelligence and training. The success of SILAAS is attributed to a robust network of collaborating institutions, including the Kerala State Remote Sensing and Environment Centre (KSREC), the Indian Institute of Remote Sensing (IIRS) in Dehradun, the North Eastern Space Applications Centre (NESAC) in Shillong, the Uttarakhand Space Applications Centre, and remote sensing centers in Mizoram, Sikkim, and Tamil Nadu. By harnessing cutting-edge space technology and inter-agency collabor